DAVIS, ANDREW
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- East Middle School
- Vocabulary
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UNIT 1:
- Life Science
- The study of living things
- Scientific Methods
- A series of steps followed to solve problems
- Hypothesis
- An explanation that is based on prior scientific research or observations and that can be tested
- Controlled Experiment
- an experiment that tests only one factor at a time by using a comparison of a control group with an experimental group
- Variable
- A factor that changes in an experiment in order to test a hypothesis
- Model
- A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept
- Theory
- An explanation that ties together many hypotheses and observations
- Law
- A summary of many experimental results and observations, a law tells how things work
- Technology
- The application of science for practical purposes; the use of tools, machines, materials, and processes to meet human needs
- Area
- A measure of the size of a surface or region
- Volume
- A measure of the size of a body or region of a three-dimensional space
- Mass
- A measure of the amount of matter in an object
- Temperature
- A measure of how hot (or cold) something is
UNIT 2:
- Cell
- The smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm
- Stimulus
- Anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism
- Homeostasis
- The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment
- Sexual Reproduction
- Reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite, producing offspring that share traits from both
- Asexual Reproduction
- Reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring identical to itself
- Heredity
- The passing of genetic traits from one parent to another
- Metabolism
- The sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism
- Producer
- An organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings
- Consumer
- An organism that eats other organisms or organic matter
- Decomposer
- An organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients
- Protein
- A molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body
- Carbohydrate
- A class of energy giving nutrients that includes sugars, starches, and fiber; contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- Lipid
- A type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water; fats and steroids are lipids
- Phospholipid
- A lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes
- ATP
- Adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes
- Cell Membrane
- A phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's enviroment
- Organelle
- One of the small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function
- Nucleus
- In a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction
- Prokaryote
- An organism that consists of a single cell and no nucleus
- Eukaryote
- An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaebacteria or eubacteria
- Life Science